TRIBES IN INDIA

The list of Scheduled Tribes is State / UT
specific and a community declared as a Scheduled
Tribe in a State need not be so in another State / UT.
The essential characteristics, first laid down by the
Lokur Committee, for a community to be identified
as Scheduled Tribes are:
● indications of primitive traits;
● distinctive culture;
● shyness of contact with the community at
large;
● geographical isolation; and
● backwardness.

note- These criteria are not spelt out in the
Constitution

there are
certain Scheduled Tribes, 75 in number known
as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (earlier
termed as Primitive Tribal Groups) (PVTGs), who
are characterised by:
a) pre-agriculture level of technology;
b) stagnant or declining population;
c) extremely low literacy; and
d) subsistence level of economy.

Sl. No. State
% of STs to total ST
population in india
1 Madhya Pradesh 14.69
2 Maharashtra 10.08

State of Odisha has the largest number
of communities listed as Scheduled Tribes i.e. 62
(sixty two)


Scheduling and De-scheduling of Tribes:
5.9 The term “Scheduled Tribes” is defined
in Article 366 (25) of the Constitution as “such
tribes or tribal communities or parts of, or groups
within such tribes, or tribal communities as are
deemed under Article 342 to be Scheduled Tribes
for the purposes of this Constitution”. Article 342
prescribes the procedure to be followed in the matter
of specification of Scheduled Tribes.
5.10 Under Clause (1) of Article 342, the President
may, with respect to any State or Union Territory,
and where it is a State, after consultation with the
Governor thereof, notify tribes or tribal communities
or parts of these as Scheduled Tribes. This confers on
the tribe, or part of it, a Constitutional status invoking
the safeguards provided for in the Constitution, to
these communities in their respective States/UTs.
5.11 Clause (2) of the Article empowers the
Parliament to pass a law to include in or exclude
from the list of Scheduled Tribes, any tribe or tribal
community or parts of these.
5.12 Thus, the first specification of a community
as Scheduled Tribe in relation to a particular State/
Union Territory is by a notified order of the President,
after consultation with the State Governments/UTs
concerned. A list of Orders / Acts specifying the
Scheduled Tribes in relation to the States and the
Union Territories is given in Annexure-5A. The
Presidential Orders have been amended by an Acts
of Parliament.

van bandhu kalyan yojana

VKY a strategic process. It aims at creating enabling environment for need based and outcome oriented holistic development of the tribal people.This process envisages to ensure that all the intended benefits of goods and services under various programmes/schemes of Central as well as State Governments actually reach the target groups by convergence of resources through appropriate institut ional mechanism.

Scope

It covers all tribal people and all areas with tribal population across the country.

Objectives

• Improving the quality of life in tribal areas
• Improving the quality of education
• Qualitative and sustainable employment for tribal families
• Bridging infrastructure gaps with focus on quality
• Protection of tribal culture and heritage